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Also known as antiseizure drugs (antiepileptics), they primarily work by reducing the number of neuronal action potentials evoked by prolonged depolarisation. This is mediated by slowing the rate of recovery of the sodium ion channels or in the case of lamotrigine, blocking the voltage dependent sodium ion channels. Some barbiturates are anticonvulsants eg. Phenobarbitone. The barbiturates in this class work by synaptic inhibition through enhancing GABA-A receptor-mediated currents thus, reducing the frequency of firing. The anticonvulsants frequently cause unwanted side effects ranging from minor impairment of the CNS to death from respiratory spasm and other causes. Examples include phenytoin, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, gabapentin etc.
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